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This research examines the pollution characteristics and potential sources of heavy metals in surface sediments of key bays in southern Hainan Island.

May 29, 2026

Spatial distribution and source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments of key bays in the southern Hainan Island

Key Points

This research examines the pollution characteristics and potential sources of heavy metals in surface sediments of key bays in southern Hainan Island.
Analyzed surface sediment samples from various bays in southern Hainan Island for heavy metal concentrations.
Evaluated pollution levels using various indexes (pollution degree index, ecological risk index, accumulation index).
Average concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, Hg) are below class I ocean sediment quality standards.
Pollution level indicates a status of no to low pollution, with an overall pollution degree index ranging from 0.31 to 2.44.
The primary sources of Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Hg are natural, while Cd arises mainly from boats and As from aquaculture and agricultural fertilizers.

Abstract

本文基于海南岛南部重点海湾表层沉积物中重金属的数据，分析了重金属在不同海湾的污染特征及潜在来源。结果显示，Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Cd和Hg的平均浓度分别为42.55 mg/kg、8.83 mg/kg、53.38 mg/kg、22.34 mg/kg、3.80 mg/kg、0.043 mg/kg和0.009 mg/kg，均低于一类海洋沉积物质量标准。污染评价显示，研究区域为无污染−低污染状态，总体污染程度指数（Psum）介于0.31至2.44之间；综合潜在生态危害指数（ERI）为2.14至17.01；地累积指数（Igeo）结果显示2个站位为偏中度污染，其余均为无污染−低污染程度。推测Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、Hg以自然来源为主，但仍受人类活动影响；Cd除了自然来源外，主要来源于船舶的防腐材料和海上游乐设施；As主要来源于人工海水养殖和农业活动中的化肥等。

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