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May 29, 2026Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version)0 citationsOpen Access

Spatial Patterns and Future Risk Assessment of Temperature Optima for China’s Four Major Crops

XWXinyu WuZZZhao ZhangHWHan Wang

Key Points

  • This research analyzes the spatial distribution of temperature optima for China's four major crops and quantifies the risks associated with climate warming.
  • Analyzed temperature and crop productivity data from 2001 to 2023.
  • Used agricultural zoning and crop distribution information.
  • Quantified biases in crop productivity estimates ignoring spatial heterogeneity of temperature optima.
  • Rice, wheat, corn, and soybean have average temperature optima of 31.7°C, 26.1°C, 29.3°C, and 31.0°C respectively.
  • Ignoring spatial heterogeneity results in significant biases in GPP estimates, overestimating productivity for rice, wheat, and soybean, while underestimating for corn.
  • By 2030, over 86% of rice, corn, and soybean cultivation areas will exceed optimal temperature, with 45% of wheat areas facing similar risks; these risks will worsen by 2050.

Abstract

农业系统是对气候变化最敏感的产业之一,气候变暖对我国粮食生产带来显著风险。作物最适温度(Topt)作为衡量作物对温度响应的重要指标,对评估高温风险和产量变化具有重要意义。本文基于2001–2023年温度和作物生产力数据,结合农业区划与作物分布信息,分析了我国四大主粮作物(水稻、小麦、玉米和大豆)Topt的空间分布特征,并量化了忽略Topt空间异质性对作物生产力估算的偏差,同时预测了2030年和2050年未来气温超越Topt的风险。研究结果显示:(1)水稻、小麦、玉米和大豆的平均Topt分别为31.7°C、26.1°C、29.3°C、31.0°C。作物Topt存在显著空间异质性,南方地区的Topt普遍高于北方及高原地区。(2)忽略Topt空间异质性而采用均一化假设会引入GPP估算的显著偏差,其中水稻、小麦和大豆表现为生产力被高估,玉米表现为低估。(3)未来气候变暖情景下,到2030年,水稻、玉米和大豆超过86%的种植区将遭遇气温超过Topt的状况,小麦超过45%的种植区面临相似风险;到2050年,作物面临的温度超过Topt的风险将进一步加剧。研究结果为我国主要作物高温适应性管理与粮食安全保障提供了科学依据,也为作物模型参数化和区域化气候风险评估提供了理论参考。

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Cite This Study

Wu et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a192df7fab5b468c4416ed5https://doi.org/10.1360/csb-2025-5734
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