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May 29, 20260 citationsOpen Access

The Alhwarat Framework V3.3: A Universal, Testable Correction to EHT Shadows

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AAAli Alhawarat

Key Points

  • The research aims to present an updated framework for predicting black hole shadows more accurately based on previous versions.
  • Updated from V3.2 to V3.3 with a derived enhancement of η = √(1+Φ₀).
  • Tested against experimental data from EHT (Event Horizon Telescope), Planck, and Solar System observations.
  • No free parameters were incorporated in the model.
  • The model has passed 7 experimental tests with an average deviation of 0.34σ.
  • A universal prediction for EHT-ng 2028 is established at 3.03%.
  • The equations have been validated against previous observational data.

Abstract

V3.3 updates V3.2. The black hole shadow enhancement is now η = √(1+Φ₀) = 1.03033, derived from Φ₀ = 6/5 ζ(3) - 1. The theory passes 7 experimental tests with 0.34σ average deviation. Universal 3.03% prediction for EHT-ng 2028. Zero free parameters. This version supersedes V3.2. All equations tested against EHT, Planck, and Solar System data.

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Cite This Study

Ali Alhawarat (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a192df7fab5b468c4417032https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20405070
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