Comparison Of Lung Isolation Effectiveness Between Bronchial Blocker And Double-Lumen Tube In Esophageal Tumor Surgery

Background: This randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of lung isolation using a single-lumen endotracheal tube with a bronchial blocker (BB) versus a double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) in patients undergoing esophageal tumor surgery. Method: Sixty-four patients (32 per group) were enrolled at xxx Hospital from June 2024 to June 2025. Key outcomes included the time to achieve one-lung ventilation (OLV) excluding preparation time, degree of lung collapse, arterial blood gas parameters (PaO₂, PaCO₂, and PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio), and postoperative complications (sore throat and hoarseness at 24 hours). Results: No significant differences were observed in OLV time (BB: 156.38 ± 37.74 seconds; DLT: 154.81 ± 24.01 seconds; p=0.84), lung collapse scores at 30 minutes, or blood gas parameters (e.g., PaO₂ in BB: 113.08 ± 28.87 mmHg; DLT: 113.65 ± 10.12 mmHg; p=0.92). However, the DLT group exhibited a higher incidence of sore throat at 24 hours (28.1% vs. 6.3%; p=0.04) and lower SpO₂ at 20 minutes of OLV (91.75 ± 1.65% vs. 93.25 ± 2.08%; p=0.002). Conclusion: BB and DLT provide comparable lung isolation efficacy, but BB is associated with fewer airway complications and superior SpO₂ maintenance, making it preferable for patients with difficult airways or those requiring prolonged postoperative ventilation with a single-lumen tube.