Natural compounds from microorganisms are gaining importance as food preservation agents to maintain seafood quality and ensure safety. Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants are a crucial microbial resource for producing bioactive compounds. This study is aimed at isolating and identifying the endophytic Fusarium spp. from Piper spp. plants and determining the antimicrobial activity of their crude extract against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. The ethyl acetate extract of the endophytic fungus strain P2NS8 (EAE‐P2NS8) exhibited antibacterial activity against Shewanella sp. TBRC 5775, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, with MIC and MBC values in the range of 0.128–0.512 mg/mL, 0.256–0.512 mg/mL, and 0.064–0.256 mg/mL, respectively. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study revealed significantly damaged cells with wrinkled surfaces and breakage in all three bacterial strains treated with EAE‐P2NS8 (4 × MIC). Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the EAE‐P2NS8 was determined using DPPH‐RSA, ABTS‐RSA, and FRAP assays. The EAE‐P2NS8 at 0.039 mg/mL showed no significant cytotoxicity on Caco‐2 cells. LC‐QTOF‐MS analysis identified kaempferol 3‐(3 ″ ‐acetyl‐6 ″ ‐p‐coumaroylglucoside) and catechin‐4beta‐ol as the most abundant flavonoids in positive and negative modes, respectively. The alkaloid (2E)‐piperamide‐C5:1 was also detected in EAE‐P2NS8 in negative mode. The endophytic fungus strain P2NS8 was identified as Fusarium concentricum through morphological and molecular analyses. (2E)‐Piperamide‐C5:1 was first reported to be produced by the endophytic fungus F. concentricum isolated from P. betel . These findings highlight the potential of secondary metabolites from F. concentricum as alternative antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.
Singh et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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