Electrospun poly-4-hydroxybuterate scaffolds enable local zero-order estradiol delivery and promote collagen maturation in a hypoestrogenic rat model for pelvic organ prolapse repair

3±3.3, p=0.047), indicating enhanced collagen maturation and tissue remodeling. Total collagen deposition was high with no fibrotic response. LC-MS analyses confirmed local E2 delivery without systemic effects. The controlled local E2 release offers a promising therapeutic approach for POP treatment in hypoestrogenic patients.