Abstract The effective detection and early warning of freezing pipe fracture accidents remain critical challenges in the application of artificial freezing technology. Using the fluid‐structure interaction module in analysis system finite element software, this study simulates the generation and propagation of vibration signals during freezing pipe fractures. A systematic investigation is conducted on the effects of key parameters, including frozen soil elastic modulus, brine inlet pressure, and external pipe pressure, on signal propagation and attenuation characteristics. Additionally, the influence of excitation force magnitude and loading duration on signal frequency characteristics is explored. The results indicate that guided wave propagation characteristics in freezing pipes remain stable, with low attenuation rates for low‐frequency signals. The frequency‐domain characteristics of these signals can serve as critical indicators for pipeline condition diagnosis. The relative influence of frozen soil elastic modulus and brine inlet pressure on signal attenuation is limited. Although increasing the elastic modulus intensifies signal attenuation, the overall impact remains minor, with only a 7.8% reduction in terminal signal amplitude when the modulus reaches 900 MPa. Higher brine inlet pressure further increases attenuation, with an approximately 6.2% reduction in terminal signal amplitude at 8 MPa pressure. External pipe pressure significantly influences signal propagation by amplifying attenuation and dispersion effects. Increased external pressure leads to waveform broadening, waveform superposition, and intensified dispersion, resulting in much higher signal attenuation than that caused by elastic modulus and brine inlet pressure. At a propagation distance of 144 m, the echo amplitude decreases significantly, indicating that external pressure plays a decisive role in signal attenuation. Increasing the excitation force enhances signal amplitude, improves resistance to external interference, and facilitates long‐distance propagation. A 5 kN excitation force generates primary frequency signals ranging from 110 to 799 Hz, with longer loading durations leading to lower primary frequencies. The findings of this study provide essential technical support for the safety management, real‐time monitoring, and early warning systems of artificial freezing construction. Additionally, they offer a theoretical foundation for the integrated development of frozen soil engineering, underground engineering, and signal processing technology.
Cao et al. (Sun,) studied this question.