• Stereo vision system detected canopy volumes and presence of apple trees in real time. • The system adjusted air assist and spray outputs of a sprayer with detection results. • The sprayer applied less spray and air volumes compared to a conventional sprayer. • The sprayer increased spray deposits up to 105.8% compared to a conventional sprayer. • The sprayer reduced spray drifts up to 77.4% compared to a conventional sprayer.
Jeon et al. (Mon,) studied this question.