Elif Akyüz’s article analyzes how contemporary authoritarian regimes appropriate the visual languages and media practices originally associated with democratic activism. Focusing on the Turkish government’s commemoration campaign following the failed coup attempt of 15 July 2016, it examines how protest aesthetics, citizen journalism, and counter-memorial strategies are reconfigured within a state-controlled narrative. The study traces the campaign across three successive media formations: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s FaceTime appearance during the night of the coup attempt, the downloadable poster series released for the first anniversary in 2017, and the July 15 Memorial Museum in Istanbul opened in 2019. Through iconological analysis, the article demonstrates how the campaign mobilizes visual vocabularies such as first-person shooter imagery, photomontage, Pathosformeln of revolutionary iconography, and the aesthetics of the “poor image” associated with citizen journalism. These forms are combined with martyrological rhetoric and with memorial strategies derived from European counter-monument discourse. The result is a hybrid commemorative regime that transforms a contested political event into sacred national history while simulating grassroots communication. The Turkish case illustrates a broader tendency in contemporary political culture in which authoritarian regimes adapt and invert democratic visual languages in order to stabilize official narratives and foreclose political contestation.
Elif Akyüz (Thu,) studied this question.