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June 3, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Impedance Mechanics II: Chirality, CP Violation, and the Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry from the Irreversible Relaxation of the Vacuum Substrate

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KMKenneth McGuire

Key Points

  • This research aims to understand the role of the vacuum substrate in generating chirality and CP violation, contributing to the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
  • Developed theoretical models to derive the universal refractive index and associated parameters.
  • Analyzed the correlations among CKM mixing parameters and baryon asymmetry.
  • Reported five falsifiable predictions based on established parameters.
  • Left-handed matter and Dirac neutrinos are confirmed as outcomes of the vacuum substrate mechanics.
  • Baryon asymmetry (η) is determined to be 6.10×10⁻⁹ with a minimal error margin of 0.017%.
  • Derived CMB temperature aligns closely with the Saha equation indicating robust theoretical constructs.

Abstract

The vacuum substrate is cyclic: it winds and relaxes, with each relaxation phase constituting a universe. During the current free relaxation phase, the Universal Refractive Index follows γ (t) = 1 + K/t, K = 1. 2067 Gyr, with dγ/dt < 0 always. The irreversible direction of this relaxation selects a unique handedness for the phase loop closure at the snap threshold. That single directional fact generates left-handed matter, a left-handed Dirac neutrino, all three Sakharov conditions, and exact CPT symmetry as theorems of the substrate's constitutive relations, with no additional assumptions. The CKM mixing matrix follows from the inter-generation coupling of the three confined complex degree-of-freedom pairs; all four Wolfenstein parameters are derived: λ = e (α (γ−1) ) ^ (1/3) ζ^ (−14/3), A = (1−α^ (1/3) ) ζ^ (14/3), δCP = e (γ−1) ^ (1/3) ζ^ (16/9), R = (1/e) ζ^ (17/6), all to better than 0. 03%. The kaon CP violation εK = (11/π) α²/ (γ−1) ·ζ^ (−4/3), the Jarlskog invariant J, and the baryon asymmetry η = Jα²/ (π (γ−1) ) = 6. 10×10⁻⁹ (error 0. 017% with Volumetric Slip correction) form a closed triangle; η is not a free parameter. The same η, combined with the derived hydrogen ionization energy EH = mₑc²α²/2, gives the CMB temperature through the Saha equation: TCMB = 2. 72548 K (<0. 001%). The substrate is cyclic: as γ→1, the snap threshold approaches the Schwinger critical field, triggering the inverse snap and re-winding the substrate to γₘax−1 = 2. 528×10²³. The PMNS matrix follows from tribimaximal mixing corrected by the Volumetric Slip ζ = γ^ (1/18): sinθ₁₂ = (1/√3) ζ^ (−32/3) (0. 004%), sinθ₂₃ = (1/√2) ζ^ (15) (0. 008%), sinθ₁₃ = 1/√45 (0. 040%), δCP, PMNS = (π+√ (γ−1) ) ζ^ (5/9) (0. 005%). Five falsifiable predictions are made, including the absence of neutrinoless double beta decay and a secular drift of η at ~4×10⁻¹⁹ yr⁻¹. All results derive from γ, α, e, and π — no free parameters.

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Cite This Study

Kenneth McGuire (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1fc530dee9eb8c0dce69d6https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20494717
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