Efficient capture of respirable dust remains difficult in fully mechanized excavation roadways because fine particles readily migrate with airflow beyond the effective spray region. Here, a wind-assisted negative-pressure dust suppression device was developed by integrating annular Venturi entrainment with a mechanical air duct, enabling coupled airflow induction and droplet transport. The device was optimized using nozzle atomization tests, CFD-based orthogonal simulations, and laboratory-scale validation. The results show that an SK508 solid-cone nozzle provides suitable atomization for Venturi-induced suction. Using induced air inlet velocity and diffuser-inlet static pressure as evaluation indicators, the optimal Venturi unit was obtained at 0.1 MPa water pressure, 0.4 MPa air pressure, a 15° diffuser angle, and a throat-center nozzle position. For the integrated device, the best configuration was ten Venturi tubes, an impeller rotational speed of 2400 r/min, and an impeller position of 300 mm from the air duct inlet. In laboratory-scale tests, the complete wind-assisted negative-pressure mode outperformed fan-only, spray-only, wind-assisted spray, and negative-pressure secondary dust suppression modes, achieving maximum total and respirable dust suppression efficiencies of 87.39% and 86.68%. The results demonstrate the feasibility of coupling mechanical airflow with Venturi entrainment and support subsequent field-scale validation.
Tian et al. (Sat,) studied this question.