Based on the KANO model, this study investigates the demand structure and optimization pathway for sports park facilities in Xi’an, integrating green and low-carbon principles into the planning and operation process. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 584 residents across six representative sports parks in Xi’an, covering 30 facility items classified into sports facility types and supporting facilities/services. Using KANO categorization combined with Better–Worse coefficient analysis and the importance coefficient (ID), the results reveal eight important-quality items (e.g., badminton courts, basketball courts, table tennis facilities, square dance areas, fitness equipment, rest areas, toilets, and drinking water dispensers), thirteen expected-quality items, six charm-quality items, and three irrelevant-quality items. The importance ranking further identifies high-priority must-be and expected elements, providing a quantifiable basis for supply sequencing. The study proposes a phased optimization strategy: first guarantee important-quality across all parks with low-cost green measures, then improve expected-quality items to enhance satisfaction, and finally pilot charm-quality features as differentiated “one park, one product” features under feasibility and budget constraints. This KANO-based integrated framework not only addresses the research gap in multi-dimensional demand classification and priority ordering for sports parks but also offers a replicable decision-making model for sustainable, user-centered facility allocation in Xi’an and similar cities, advancing the transition from “total quantity” to “multi-dimensional adaptation” in national fitness infrastructure.
Jia et al. (Sat,) studied this question.