Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The agricultural sector plays a key role in Iran's economy, and most farmers are small-scale farmers who are highly vulnerable to climate change. In such circumstances, capabilities that help farmers be resilient to climate events and promote sustainability are crucial. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of climate vulnerability on the resilience capabilities of smallholder farmers against climate change, whereby climate vulnerability was assessed within the framework of three main dimensions: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Pistachio growers in Yazd province formed the statistical population of this study, and using the Cochran relationship, a statistical sample of 314 people was estimated, who were selected using stratified random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was developed by reviewing various sources and developing existing questionnaires, and its reliability and validity were also confirmed. The structural equation modeling approach was used to analyze the data. The results showed that exposure and sensitivity to climate change have a negative and significant effect on farmers’ resilience, while adaptive capacity has a positive and significant effect. Together, these three variables explain 40% of the variation in the resilience of smallholder farmers. Therefore, repeated exposure to climate hazards, through increasing uncertainty and the erosion of capital, as well as sensitivity by limiting access to information and tools, weaken resilience capability. In contrast, adaptive capacity enhances resilience capability by providing resources. Reducing vulnerability is crucial to strengthening resilience capabilities, through factors such as training farmers, strengthening infrastructure, expanding social networks, and government support.
Asl et al. (Mon,) studied this question.