Abstract： Compared with destructive mechanoluminescent (ML) materials， trap-controlled ML materials exhibit distinct advantages such as structural integrity and recoverable luminescence， showing great potential in stress visual• ization， anti-counterfeiting， and stress sensing.The development of high-performance trap-controlled ML materials is therefore of great significance for promoting the practical application of ML.In this work， a novel trap-controlled ML material Mg 3 Y 2 Ge 3 O 12 ∶Tb 3+ was successfully synthesized.Its structure， luminescent properties， and recoverable ML mechanism were systematically investigated through X-ray diffraction， scanning electron microscopy， excitation and emission spectroscopy， afterglow decay curves， afterglow spectroscopy， thermoluminescence spectra， ML spec• troscopy， transient photon signal acquisition， and piezoresponse force microscopy.The results show that Mg 3 Y 2 Ge 3 O 12 ∶Tb 3+ exhibits high consistency emission spectra under photoluminescence， afterglow， and ML modes.The intense green emission primarily originates from the Tb 3+ 5 D 4 → 7 F 5 transition.Thermoluminescence analysis indi• cates that the presence of broadly distributed carrier traps within the material plays a critical role in achieving long-lasting
Xu et al. (2026) studied this question.