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ABSTRACT This article presents a theoretical investigation of a highly sensitive one‐dimensional photonic crystal (1D‐PC) biosensor for early malaria detection using the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM). The proposed structure, Air/(PbS/SiO 2 ) 4 /defect/(PbS/SiO 2 ) 4 /substrate, is optimized by adjusting the defect layer thickness and incidence angle to enhance defect‐mode resonance characteristics. The design enables strong resonant peaks and significant wavelength shifts at 1550 nm. The sensor operates over a refractive index range of 1.371–1.402 RIU, corresponding to different malaria infection stages. A maximum sensitivity of 977.74 nm/RIU and a quality factor of 93.8 × 10 3 are achieved at a defect thickness of 1.2d a . Increasing the thickness to 1.4d a improves sensitivity to 1163.22 nm/RIU with a quality factor of 82.57 × 10 3 . The design also exhibits a low detection limit of ~10 −6 RIU and a high figure of merit, indicating strong potential for rapid, accurate, and cost‐effective malaria diagnosis.
Kaspar et al. (Mon,) studied this question.