This study represents the first NMA to synthesize cytokine alterations in individuals at high risk for psychosis using indirect evidence. Elevated IL-6 in CHR individuals suggests immune activation, whereas reduced IL-6 in GHR may reflect a distinct immune profile. Increased IL-13 levels in converters highlight potential involvement of Th2-related pathways during transition to psychosis. However, the sparse nature of the evidence network necessitates cautious interpretation of the findings, and larger, standardized multi-center studies are required for confirmation.
Huang et al. (2026) studied this question.