This paper conducts an inferential analysis based on objective observational facts of microscopic particles. It aims to reveal the generation mechanism of electric charge: electric charge is not an inherent property of particles, but a stable superposition effect of spatial disturbances generated by photons confined in a fixed microscopic space with directional circular spin motion. The paper clarifies that the opposite charge properties of electrons and protons are only caused by the completely opposite circular spin directions of their internal photons, providing a clear and self-consistent theoretical explanation for the nature and origin of electric charge.
Jiaqing Yan (2026) studied this question.