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April 15, 20260 citationsOpen Access

EST-SP-004: Black Holes as Bosonic-Skin Solitons in Elastic Spacetime Theory

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JWJonathan Edward Wilson

Key Points

  • The paper aims to develop a theoretical model of black holes as solitons with distinctive behaviors due to their bosonic skin.
  • Developed the EST black-hole model focusing on soliton characteristics.
  • Proposed spin-driven phase sequences from low-spin to high-spin states.
  • Conducted a Python Hessian analysis to assess mechanical stability of the phase transitions.
  • Identified a phase transition from spherical to toroidal states in black holes.
  • Demonstrated that the toroidal configuration becomes energetically favored beyond a critical threshold.
  • Confirmed local stability of the black holes in their toroidal state.

Abstract

This paper develops the EST black-hole model in which a black hole is treated as a finite compact soliton with a physical bosonic skin and a calm displaced interior, rather than as a singularity hidden behind a purely geometric horizon. The paper proposes a spin-driven phase sequence from a low-spin spherical state to a threshold “trampoline” state and finally to a high-spin toroidal state capable of supporting bipolar jets and quasar-like behaviour. In addition to the analytical framework, the paper includes a reduced Python Hessian analysis of the effective shell energy, used as a mechanical stability test of the proposed phase transition. In the reduced model, the toroidal branch becomes energetically preferred beyond a critical circulation threshold while remaining locally stable. The work therefore combines conceptual EST compact-object theory with a first quantitative stability check of the spherical-to-toroidal transition.

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Cite This Study

Jonathan Edward Wilson (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69df2bcae4eeef8a2a6b0ba6https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19560080
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