ChatGPT in English Language Learning: Exploring Perceptions and Promoting Autonomy in a University EFL Context

Building on previous research, this qualitative exploratory study investigates the impact of ChatGPT on English language classes among Korean university students. The researcher uses pre- and post-training surveys, in-class observations, and interviews to explore 120 students’ perceptions of their experiences over a 15-week semester. Results indicate largely positive attitudes, with students expressing optimism about ChatGPT's potential to enhance language skills. Classroom engagement was high, fostering collaboration and active participation. Posttraining interviews revealed improved confidence, collaborative learning experiences, and a shift toward metacognitive awareness in learners and autonomous learning. Some technical and language challenges surfaced, as well as skepticism from a small number of learners. Longterm post-training surveys highlight sustained engagement and real-world applications. The findings provide insights for educators and policymakers considering the integration of AI tools in language education, emphasizing the importance of ongoing support and flexibility in implementation strategies.