The physical and chemical mechanisms in detonation of isopropyl nitrate gas–liquid two-phase mixtures

The physicochemical mechanisms governing the energy output of mist detonation under varying environmental pressures, temperatures, droplet sizes, and concentrations represent a critical challenge in optimizing the energy utilization of fuel cloud explosions. Under ambient temperature and pressure conditions, when the mist droplet size is 30 μm and the concentration is 100 g/m3, stable detonation cannot be achieved. When the droplet size is 30 μm, the highest detonation pressure occurs at a concentration of 400 g/m3, with a pressure of 2.3 MPa. Within an initial temperature range of 243.15–303.15 K, the transition distance from deflagration to detonation for the mist is approximately 200 mm, with a detonation velocity of about 1545 m/s. At initial pressures of 0.06, 0.1, and 0.16 MPa, the corresponding transition distances are approximately 100, 150, and 150 mm, respectively, with detonation pressures of about 3.625, 3.855, and 4.532 MPa, and detonation velocities of approximately 1530.4, 1455, and 1360.2 m/s.