Evaluation of Hypoglycemic Activity of Swarnavanga in Stz. Induced Hyperglycemic Male Wistar Rats-an Experimental Pharmacological Study

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and associated systemic complications. Swarnavanga is a kupipakwa kalpa mentioned in Rasa Tarangini indicated in Prameha roga. This study evaluates its hypoglycemic efficacy in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemic male Wistar rats. Objectives: To evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of standardized Swarnavanga in STZ-induced hyperglycemic male Wistar rats. Methods: Swarnavanga was prepared by Kupipakva method using shodhita Parada, Vanga, Gandhaka, and Navasadara following Rasatarangini text.24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=6 each) Normal control, Diabetic control, Standard(Metformin treated) and test group (Swarnavanga treated). Diabetes was confirmed at 72 hours post-STZ injection. Oral medications were administered for 21 consecutive days. Blood glucose levels were estimated on Days 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, and 21 using the glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD) enzymatic method. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's t-test (p<0.05). Results: Swarnavanga demonstrated significant hypoglycemic activity, representing a 46.2% reduction. Metformin reduced glucose levels representing a 41.1% reduction. No statistically significant difference was observed between Swarnavanga and metformin. Conclusion: Swarnavanga exhibits hypoglycemic activityin STZ-induced diabetic rats, validating its traditional claim as Prameha-hara.