Impact of Fires in Boreal Forests on Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Soil Surfaces (Review)

Forest fires have a significant effect on the structural and functional organization of ecosystems, affecting all its components. The purpose of the work was to analyze and systematize data on the impact of fires in boreal forests on CO emissions from the soil surface and the combustion of forest fuels (CFF). It is shown that pyrogenesis is one of the leading soil-forming factors affecting the physico-chemical properties and reserves of organic matter in the forest floor and upper soil horizons, as well as their temperature regime, especially in light coniferous forests, formed by pine and larch. In forest litter, after the passage of a forest fire, there is a decrease in acidity, carbon reserves, and a narrowing of the ratio C : N. The fractional composition of organic matter changes due to the accumulation of combustion products.Gorenje In the organogenic horizon, an increase in the density of composition, the degree of saturation with bases, and the hydrophobicity of soils is noted. This, combined with the death of plant root systems, leads to a decrease in the rate of CO emissions from the soil surface. The intensity of fires greatly affects the release of carbon dioxide and the time required to return this indicator to its original state. The effect of fire on the temperature coefficient Q can be multidirectional: negative (especially in the case of intense fire exposure) or with no effect. It has been established that the inhibition of CO emissions and the Q value is primarily due to reduction of autotrophic respiration.