Assessment of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as diagnostic biomarkers of chronic kidney disease in cats

Key Points

• Elevated levels of KIM-1 and NGAL are shown to be strong indicators of chronic kidney disease.
• Increased KIM-1 levels correspond with disease severity, potentially aiding in timely diagnosis.
• Assessment of blood and urine samples determined the efficacy of KIM-1 and NGAL in early detection.
• Results suggest that using these biomarkers may improve clinical outcomes in feline patients.