Removal of carmineusing red mud-supported ZVI materials

Key Points

• Carmine removal efficiency reached up to 95% under optimal conditions, indicating great potential for material applications.
• The study utilized red mud-supported zero valent iron (ZVI) for effective adsorption and removal of carmine dye.
• Assessment of the process revealed a rapid removal timeframe, suggesting practical uses in wastewater treatment.
• Findings highlight the role of red mud as a sustainable option for industrial waste management, urging further exploration.