Phase field simulation of fracture behavior in flexible piezoelectric composites containing hard inclusions

Key Points

• Fracture behavior improves in piezoelectric composites containing hard inclusions, enhancing durability.
• The simulation predicts crack propagation rates under varying stress conditions across the material.
• Observational analysis demonstrates how material flexibility interacts with embedded hard inclusions.
• Findings support the development of more resilient piezoelectric materials for engineering applications.