Synergistic enhancement of neonicotinoid removal at paddy soil-water interface via biochar and nanoscale zero-valent iron

Key Points

• Neonicotinoid removal is significantly enhanced at the soil-water interface using biochar and nanoscale zero-valent iron.
• Combined use of biochar and nanoscale zero-valent iron improved contaminant removal rates by up to 70 percent.
• The study employs a systematic experimental design to assess the removal efficiency of contaminants from soil-water systems.
• These findings highlight the potential for effective agricultural soil remediation, emphasizing the importance of innovative material usage.