CAR T- cell therapy: A promising novel approach for treatment of cancer

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) therapy is a promising cancer treatment that has shown success in treating certain type of cancer. It has demonstrated remarkable efficacy, particularly in hematologic malignancies such as certain types of leukemia and lymphomas, offering hope for patients with limited options. In this review the authors highlighted the importance of CAR-T cell therapy in oncology, history, recent innovations in CAR-T cell engineering and development, mechanism of action, toxic effects, clinical trials and ongoing research on CAR-T cell therapy. Barriers to effective CAR-T cell therapy includes antigen escape, tumor heterogeneity, microenvironment of the tumor, On target, Off tumor toxicity, modest anti-tumor activity and limited tumor infiltration. In this review we discussed global regulations of CAR-T cell therapies, challenges of harmonized regulations, FDA approved CAR-T cell therapies, clinical applications, clinical trials and research and future prospects of CAR-T cell therapy.