Phytochemical analysis of Leard-Ngam remedy and its composition

Introduction: Leard-Ngam remedy (LG) has long been used for treating primary dysmenorrhea and balancing women’s health. It consists of twenty herbs. The quality test and phytochemical analysis are important for authentication and identification of the herbal products. Objective: To analyze the phytochemical components of LG remedy and quantify the components Method: Phytochemical components of LG remedy were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in order to identify and quantify the phytochemical components. Loss on drying, total ash, extractive value, acid-insoluble ash and toxic heavy metals determinations were used for quality assessment of LG remedy and its plant ingredients. Heavy metal, Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Result: The study found that eugenol, austrobailignan, aceteugenol and piperine were found as phytochemical compounds of LG remedy. This remedy passed the standard guidelines of loss on drying, total ash, acid insoluble ash and heavy metals. However, some medicinal plants of LG remedy fell below standard; firstly, A. sativum and A. vulgaris did not meet the total ash content, may be caused by calcium oxalate. For drug preparation, B. rotunda using from rhizome and O. sanctum from root, the contamination of gravels and rocks from soil were judged to be caused by falling in standardization. LG remedy and twenty herbs passed the standard guidelines of heavy metal. Conclusion: Phytochemical compound of LG remedy were eugenol, austrobailignan, aceteugenol and piperine. Some single herbs which consisted of LG remedy were less than some of the standardization. However, when combined as a remedy, it passed all standards.