Synergistic space-electron regulation under interlayer confinement: Disrupting oxygen evolution/reduction reaction scaling relations via dual-pathway control

Key Points

• Disrupting scaling relations enhances oxygen evolution and reduction reactions, leading to optimized performance.
• The study reveals dual-pathway control significantly alters the kinetics of electron regulation and reaction dynamics.
• Analysis of the dual-pathway mechanism provides insights into interlayer confinement effects on reaction efficiency.
• This work highlights a potentially transformative approach for future energy conversion technologies.