Bi₂Se₃@BiSe heterostructures for triple-modal anticancer therapy: Integrating photothermal, photodynamic, and immunotherapeutic approaches

Key Points

• Enhanced cytotoxicity was observed with the combined therapies in various cancer cell lines, suggesting superior effectiveness.
• Results showed a significant increase in cell death rates compared to other treatments, with up to 80% lethal efficacy reported.
• Observational analysis focused on Bi₂Se₃@BiSe heterostructures and their roles in photothermal and photodynamic responses.
• Findings indicate potential for integrating different therapeutic approaches to improve cancer treatment outcomes.