Obesity and its association with ultra-processed food consumption in older adults in Roraima, Brazil

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of obesity and analyze its association with the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) among older adults in primary health care. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1322 older adults from Roraima, Brazil. Obesity was determined using the body mass index, calculated from weight and height measurements. UPF consumption was assessed using a dietary marker form, nationally employed in primary health care. Sociodemographic data were also collected. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 14%, and seven out of ten older adults reported consuming at least one type of UPF the previous day. Older adults who consumed hamburgers and processed meats (aOR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.08–2.08; p = 0.016) and those who consumed sweets and treats (aOR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.02–1.80; p = 0.046) were more likely to be obese compared to those who did not consume UPFs. Conclusion: Although obesity affects a significant portion of older adults, UPF consumption is frequent among them. UPF, especially hamburgers, processed meats, sweets, and treats, should be avoided as they increase the risk of obesity. Adopting a healthy diet and reducing UPF consumption is essential to promote longevity and quality of life in older adulthood.