Data analytics model of the accessibility-vulnerability relationship: Risk scenarios in urban areas

A clustering model that examines the relationship between accessibility and vulnerability was proposed. The aim was to observe spatial accessibility variables through urban public transportation and assess the vulnerability of the population in urban areas. This model was tested in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Cali. A hierarchical agglomerative clustering analysis was conducted on 22 communes in Cali, Colombia, at three different points in time. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of the data grouped into the obtained profiles. The model identifies homogeneous groups and defines the zones of concern within the city of Cali. These zones provide insight into the risk scenario regarding accessibility-vulnerability profiles, including access to essential services such as healthcare and food for various population groups (more vulnerable or less vulnerable). The results revealed a new zoning of the city of Cali within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic risk scenario. The accessibility-vulnerability profiles were automatically identified, supporting strategic decision-making processes related to public policies, risk management, and land use management. New zoning of the city enables targeted attention to each area based on its specific characteristics, thereby addressing the complexity of the problem.