Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları (SKA'lar) ve Kapsayıcı Kalkınma: Temelcilik Sonrası Küresel Yönetişim Perspektifi

This study critically examines the role of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in global development, focusing on their introduction of a post-foundational framework that rethinks traditional development paradigms. The SDGs represent a transformative shift from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which were largely shaped by neoliberal economic principles and felt short in addressing structural inequalities and environmental degradation. The 2008 global financial crisis exposed the limitations of rigid, economic growth-centered frameworks, amplifying calls for inclusive, flexible, and sustainable approaches. Developed through an extensive participatory process, the SDGs prioritize the integration of environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainability while simultaneously allowing for adaptation to diverse national contexts. At their core, the SDGs reject fixed ideological foundations, instead they embrace a governance model based on negotiation, dialogue, and inclusivity. This post-foundationalist approach positions development as a dynamic and context-sensitive process, enabling responses tailored to the unique values and conditions of individual countries. By emphasizing equitable collaboration across global and local levels, the SDGs promote shared responsibility while addressing the root causes of inequality and exclusion. Ultimately, the SDGs redefine development as a multidimensional, participatory endeavor that prioritizes human dignity, social justice, and ecological balance over standardized and universalizing solutions, which marks a significant evolution in global governance.