Numerical investigation on the suffusion of the methane hydrate-bearing sediments under different methane hydrate saturations and environmental conditions using CFD-DEM

Key Points

• Suffusion dynamics of methane hydrate-bearing sediments vary significantly with changes in saturation levels.
• Investigation reveals that sediments exhibit different properties under varied environmental conditions.
• Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) were used to analyze behaviors in this context.
• Findings highlight the complex interactions affecting stability, suggesting considerations for future studies in geotechnical engineering.