Synergistic integration of phosphorus doping and closed-pore architecture in starch-derived hard carbon for advanced sodium-ion storage

Key Points

• The improved sodium-ion storage capacity is attributed to the synergistic integration of phosphorus doping and closed-pore architecture.
• Results indicate a significant increase in storage capacity, achieving levels not previously observed in similar materials.
• Assessment using advanced electrochemical techniques highlights the role of starch-derived carbon in energy storage systems.
• This integration suggests potential applications in developing more efficient sodium-ion batteries for future energy needs.