A rare variant of mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with a garland configuration of the azygous system: Expanding the spectrum of anatomical variants

Key Points

• To describe a rare variant of mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and its anatomical features.
• Identification of an unusual mixed TAPVC variant
• Detailed anatomical assessment of venous drainage patterns
• Comparative analysis with known TAPVC classifications
• An exceptionally rare mixed TAPVC with a 2 + 2 drainage pattern was observed.
• The hemiazygos vein drains into the innominate vein, resulting in a garland configuration.

Abstract