Acyclovir-Excipient Compatibility Studies for Gel Novel Drug Delivery Systems Development

Oral herpes is a common, recurrent condition marked by painful mucosal lesions. Acyclovir is a guanosine antiviral drug and is one of the antiviral drugs most commonly used for treatment of herpes simplex virus infection, as well as herpes zoster and varicella zoster (chickenpox). Conventional topical treatments suffer from poor mucosal retention, low drug penetration, and limited patient compliance. Emulgel, combining the hydrophilic properties of gels with the biphasic structure of emulsions, offer enhanced solubility, stability, controlled release, and mucosal penetration. Additionally, Gels further offer ease of application, high spreadability, and good patient acceptability. Clove oil, a natural analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agent, also improves taste, promoting better compliance. The main objective of the present study was to the preformulation studies were performed to know the development of formulation and evaluation of Acyclovir Hydrogel and Emulgel NDDS for topical application. In the present study that the compatibility was assessed by, FTIR spectroscopy, and melting point apparatus, preformulation parameters. Results showed that physical mixtures of Acyclovir and various excipients such as Carbopol 974, Xanthan Gum, and HPC as gelling agents. Methylparaben and propylparaben served as preservatives, while propylene glycol, glycerin, Sucralose, Triethanolamine, Strawberry flavor, Clove oil and Tween were evaluated for preformulation studies parameters. It was concluded that the drug Acyclovir was found to be compatible with various excipients which were selected for the formulation development of the Acyclovir Hydrogel and Emulgel NDDS. Formulation scientist from his experience and knowledge have to significantly in the preformulation study stage and is an important factor in the ADDS (Advanced Drug Delivery Systems) product development process.