Studying the Level of Amyloid-A and Fibrinogen-Like Protein 1 and Other Biomarkers in the Sera of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Iraqi Patients

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) isa common chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis causing pain and inflammation and can result in joint destruction, its risk factors involve a family history of disease, obesity, smoking as well as viral infections. In this study, serum amyloid A and fibrinogen-like protein 1 were evaluated in 80 patients and 40 healthy controls (both men and women). Measurement of SAA, FGL1, RF, CRP, and MPO were performed using ELISA kits, the colorimetric method has been employed for estimating lipid profile, and Westergren method has used to measure ESR. The results indicated that levels of SAA, FGL1, MPO, RF, CRP, and ESR were significantly higher mean RA patients compared to the control group, with notable findings include MPO (392.8 ± 62.7 vs. 298.4 ± 44.5 ng/ml), SAA (13.6 ± 5.0 vs. 7.17 ± 1.0 pg/ml), FGL1 (283.7 ± 121.8 vs. 91.1 ± 23.0 ng/ml), RF (78.6 ± 14.7 vs. 27.1 ± 9.1 IU/ml), CRP (7.6 ± 1.7 vs. 2.4 ± 1.1 ng/ml), and ESR (41.2 ± 29.3 vs. 12.0 ± 10 mm/hr). The Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed potent diagnostic potencies, yielding an AUC of 0.99 and 0.94 for SAA and FGL1, respectively. Conclusion, the present study revealed that SAA and FGL1 represent as practical diagnostic markers to distinguish RA patients from healthy subjects, providing powerful potency to monitor RA progression and guide the therapeutic intervention.