State Support As an Instrument for Building the Sovereignty of the Machine Tool Industry under Sanctions

The article examines the evolution and current effectiveness of state support tools for import substitution in the Russian industry, using the example of machine tool manufacturing, a key industry that determines the country’s technological sovereignty. The relevance of the study is driven by external constraints (sanctions from 2014 to 2025) and the need for accelerated development of domestic machine tools. The purpose of the study is to identify priority areas for state support in the machine tool industry to enhance the competitive advantages of the Russian industry. To do this, the theoretical foundations of industrial policy and import substitution, the historical dynamics of support measures in Russia, the current regulatory framework, and key tools for stimulating the industry have been analyzed.