An Overview of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Current Treatment Strategies

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an increasingly prevalent issue both nationally and internationally. The onset and progression of this disease are influenced by multiple factors, which can lead to higher healthcare costs and poor patient outcomes, including complications related to end-stage liver disease. It is essential to explore both nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment options to prevent disease progression, enhance patient outcomes, and reduce healthcare spending. While nonpharmacological therapies such as lifestyle modifications aimed at weight loss remain the first-line treatment, other pharmacological options should not be overlooked. Historically, pharmacological treatments were limited to vitamin therapy. However, recent advancements have introduced new pharmacological therapies including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and thyroid hormone receptor-beta agonists. This article provides an overview of current and emerging therapies for managing and treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Given the complexity of this disease and its various risk factors, a multi-faceted approach is recommended.