Metaheuristic-Based Optimum Design Methods for Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers under Seismic Excitations

This study presents a comparison study between a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) and Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers (MTMD). The main novelty of this study lies in the unified optimization-based comparison of optimized and fixed-mass MTMD configurations, highlighting the trade-off between seismic performance and practical applicability compared to a single large TMD installed at the top of the building. The Jaya algorithm is used to determine the optimum solution of mass damper parameters. Three cases are examined. The first case is the building with the TMD system. The second case is the building with the MTMD system. Tuned mass dampers are connected to each floor; the masses of these dampers are optimized using the Jaya algorithm. In the third case, the building is fitted with an MTMD system whose damper mass is fixed at 50,000 kg rather than optimized. Comparisons are made between the cases in terms of vibration energy distribution and floor displacement reduction ratio. The results show that all systems are effective in reducing energy vibration and floor displacements. The optimized MTMD system provides superior performance compared to the TMD system, while the fixed-mass MTMD system exhibits lower control efficiency but offers a more practical alternative to a single large TMD installed at the top of the building.