Current directions for fishing vessels secondary energy resources utilization

The energy installations of modern marine vessels are subject to increased requirements not only from the point of view of their economic, but also from the point of view of their environmental efficiency. The use of recycling systems for secondary energy resources meets such requirements. It is well known that the main criterion for the effectiveness of any recycling systems is considered to be their payback period, which, in turn, is estimated by the cost of fuel saved. The analysis of fuel consumption for various marine needs in relation to fishing and fishing vessels is carried out. It is determined that about a quarter of the total fuel consumption is spent on the operation of marine refrigeration units. In order to increase the economic efficiency of marine power plants of fishing vessels, it is proposed to use recycling systems for secondary energy resources, which allow to receive not only mechanical and thermal energy, but also cold. It becomes possible to replace some of the standard refrigerating machines with recycling ones, which increases the economic efficiency of recycling systems. It is proposed to use the excess energy of the exhaust gases of modern high-powered engines in utilization turbo expander plants, where the refrigerant is air. The main element of such installations are compound turbines, which run on excess exhaust gas energy and drive the air compressors of turbo expander systems. Various design schemes of recycling plants with air turbo expanders are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the prospects of utilization turbo expander systems from the point of view of increasing the efficiency of power plants of fishing vessels.