Parametric Study of MHD Mixed Convection in Wavy Cavities With Inclined Conducting Obstacles

This study examines the influence of an inclined conducting obstacle on magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) natural and forced convection within a heated wavy cavity. A uniform magnetic field is applied in the horizontal direction, and the fluid flow is assumed to be steady, laminar, and incompressible. The rectangular cavity is designed with thermally insulated upper and lower walls in order to reduce heat losses. The left vertical wall is mechanically driven at a constant velocity and maintained at a uniform temperature of Ti(20˚C), while the right vertical wall is heated and kept at a higher temperature of Th=100∘C.A porous square conducting obstacle with a length of 10 cm is positioned at the center of the cavity and inclined at an angle relative to the horizontal axis, where ((where 15˚≤ ≥60˚). The cavity is filled with an electrically conducting fluid (seawater), whose Prandtl number varies between 2.08 and 7.83 depending on the temperature of the fluid. The governing two-dimensional partial differential equations describing the flow and heat transfer are solved numerically using the finite difference method with a central difference scheme, subject to appropriate boundary conditions. The numerical results are presented graphically, and a parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of the inclination angle and other key flow parameters on the velocity and temperature distributions within the cavity. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of magneto hydrodynamic propulsion and thermal management systems.