Analysing Physical Chemical and Biological Assessment of Water Quality of Fox Sagar Lake

Urban development, ecological sustainability, and public health all depend on freshwater resources; unfortunately, the condition of many urban lakes has been severely deteriorated by surface runoff, domestic outflow, and fast urbanization. A significant freshwater lake in Hyderabad, Telangana, Fox Sagar Lake is a vital local and ecological water source in an increasingly urbanized environment .Concerns about its water quality have been raised by increasing human pressures. The physicochemical and biological properties of Fox Sagar Lake are assessed in this study using the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS IS 10500:2012) criteria as a guide Physical Characteristics like color, odor, and pH were assessed; The BIS recommended Ph range is 6.5-8.5. In order to measure the levels of organic pollution, the chemical assessment comprised Total Dissolved Solids(TDS), for which the acceptable limit is 500ppm (allowed up to 2000 ppm in the absence of an alternative source), as well as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). To determine the biological contamination, supportive biochemical and microbial assessment were performed. Overall, the results sow a noticeable organic load, a moderate mineral concentration, and microbial activity that suggests human involvement. The lake’s current water quality status and its consequences for both ecological and residential uses are revealed by comparison with BIS standards , Underscoring the significance of ongoing monitoring and efficient management techniques.