(048) Impact of GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP Dual Receptor Agonists on Female Reproductive Function: A Survey-Based Study

Abstract Introduction Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide dual receptor agonists (GLP-1/GIP RAs) have transformed the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes, both of which are prevalent in women of reproductive age and are closely linked to fertility concerns and adverse pregnancy outcomes 1,2. Beyond their metabolic effects, emerging evidence suggests GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs can positively influence ovulatory function, menstrual regularity, and conception, particularly in women with obesity or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the reproductive implications of GLP-1 RA and GLP-1/GIP RA use remain poorly understood 3. This study seeks to address this critical gap by investigating self-reported changes in sexual activity, menstruation, and fertility among reproductive-aged women using GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs within an institution. 1. Kong L, Nilsson IAK, Gissler M, Lavebratt C. Associations of Maternal Diabetes and Body Mass Index With Offspring Birth Weight and Prematurity. JAMA Pediatr. Apr 1 2019;173(4):371-378. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5541 2. Drummond RF, Seif KE, Reece EA. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use in pregnancy: a review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Jan 2025;232(1):17-25. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2024.08.024 3. Cesta CE, Rotem R, Bateman BT, et al. Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Other Second-Line Antidiabetics in Early Pregnancy. JAMA Intern Med. Feb 1 2024;184(2):144-152. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6663 Objective The primary objectives of this study are: 1) to explore how GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs may influence reproductive health, specifically sexual activity, menstrual regularity, fertility and conception; 2) to understand the prevalence and patterns of contraceptive use and failure and clinician counseling among women taking GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs during their reproductive years; and 3) to assess whether reproductive outcomes differ by specific GLP-1 RA and GLP-1/GIP RAs. Methods This descriptive, cross-sectional survey study will be conducted across multiple sites of a major academic institution. Eligible participants include women aged 18-55 who are currently prescribed a GLP-1 RA or GLP-1/GIP RAs, identify as female, report heterosexual relationships, are English-speaking, and are patient portal users. Exclusion criteria include postmenopausal women, non-English speakers, and those unable to complete the survey independently. Participants will receive an electronic questionnaire through the patient’s portal. The survey will collect demographic information, reproductive health history, menstrual patterns, sexual activity, and contraceptive use. QR code included with link to the survey. Responses will be de-identified and stored for analysis. Descriptive statistics and correlation tests will be used to evaluate associations between GLP-1 RA and GLP-1/GIP RA use and reproductive outcomes. Results Data collection and analysis are ongoing. Preliminary results will describe participant demographics, frequency of self-reported changes in menstruation, fertility, and sexual activity, as well as patterns of contraceptive use and potential failure using GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs. Conclusions This study will provide insight into the reproductive health experiences of women taking GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs. By identifying self-reported menstrual, fertility, and sexual health changes, findings may inform future clinical counseling, contraceptive recommendations, reproductive safety guidance, and interdisciplinary research on broader physiological effects of GLP-1 RAs and GLP-1/GIP RAs. Ultimately, this work aims to bridge the current gap between metabolic therapy and women’s health reproductive health outcomes. Disclosure No.