Advances and Challenges in Protection Coordination of Modern Microgrids

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, distributed generation, and advanced control technologies has transformed microgrids into complex, dynamic systems that pose significant challenges for protection coordination. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on protection strategies in modern microgrids. Using a curated dataset from the Scopus database, four types of analyses were conducted: trend topic analysis, dendrogram clustering, co-occurrence network mapping, and thematic map analysis. The trend topic analysis highlights the temporal evolution of specific topics. The dendrogram analysis reveals thematic groupings and highlights concepts that have received limited attention. The co-occurrence network analysis reveals interactions between terms, and the thematic map analysis identifies basic, niche, and motor themes, as well as emerging or declining themes. These insights provide a structured overview of current knowledge and potential future research directions in microgrid protection. This study serves as a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners aiming to understand and address the evolving challenges associated with protection coordination in modern microgrids.