Track Panel Twist Failures at the Rear of Turnouts: Insights from Track Recording Car and Trackside Measurements

Railway turnouts are critical for operational flexibility but are costly assets, with maintenance costs significantly higher than those for open track. Twist failures in the transition zones at the rear of turnouts between long and short sleepers increase maintenance needs and can pose safety risks. In this study, track panel twist behavior in such a transition zone was investigated by combining long-term track recording car data with trackside measurements. A preliminary analysis of track recording car data statistically confirmed the criticality of the transition zone and was used to identify a turnout with twist issues for further investigation. Trackside measurements were conducted to evaluate the influence of axle weight and vehicle speed on twist. Results indicate a linear relationship between axle weight and twist, while speed showed no significant effect. A time series of twist derived from track recording car data for the same turnout, used for comparison with trackside data, revealed an almost linear progression of track panel twist over time, with tamping actions visibly but temporarily reducing twist. These findings enhance the understanding of twist behavior at the rear of turnouts. They provide a basis for future studies aimed at improving turnout designs and highlight the potential for proactive maintenance strategies to enhance safety and operational efficiency.