Experimental Study On the Modulatory Effect of Bauhinia Variegata Extract in Thyrodism (Wistar Rats)

Background- Hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress, and pharmacological disruptions can be caused by thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism, which also modify metabolic processes. Levothyroxine along with other chemical-based drugs are helpful, but prolonged administration may have negative side effects. As a more secure option, medicinal plants with hormonal-modulating and antioxidant functions are being studied.The flavonoids, phenolics, and glycosides found in Bauhinia variegata (Kanchan tree) have been appreciated for their endocrine-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. There is, however, little scientific evidence about its impact on thyroid disorders. Therefore, it must be done to assess the potential for treatment in hypothyroidism models. Aim- To investigate the antioxidative and histology beneficial properties of Bauhinia variegata ethanolic bark extract, and to examine its modulatory effect on PTU-induced hypothyroidism in Wistar rats that are albino. Method- Albino Wistar rats were given propylthiouracil (PTU) to induce hypothyroidism. The animals were split up into groups for control, disease (PTU- controlled), standard (levothyroxine), also test groups receiving B. variegata ethanolic One hundred, two hundred, and four hundred milligrams per kilogram for bark extracted for a duration of 21 days. Plasma levels of the mineral thyroxine (T4), the triiodothyronine (T3), as well as hormone that stimulates the thyroid (TSH) were determined. utilizing Immunoassay. Body weight, thyroid gland histopathology, and In addition, evaluations were carried out of oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde, but also catalase , as well as super oxygen dismutase. Results- PTU administration resulted in decreased T3 and T4 levels, increased TSH levels, and elevated oxidative stress markers. Treatment with B. variegata extract produced a dose-dependent restoration of thyroid hormone levels and normalization of TSH. The extract also significantly reduced MDA levels while enhancing SOD and CAT activities, indicating antioxidant potential. Histopathological analysis revealed near-normal follicular architecture in extract-treated rats compared to the PTU group. Conclusion- Effective preventing and therapeutic benefits against PTU- induced hypothyroidism have been identified by the ethanolic bark extract of Bauhinia variegata. Thyroid hormone levels are raised, antioxidant enzyme activity is increased, and normal thyroid histology has been restored. According to these results, B. variegata may be an effective natural treatment option for oxidative stress and thyroid gland disorders.