Reality as a Discrete Relational Structure: Frames, Form, and the Emergence of Probability and Time

This paper introduces a discrete relational framework for the foundations of physics, moving beyond the continuum assumption that underlies classical and quantum theories. We define elementary units of reality, called "frames", each characterized by two irreducible properties: form and diffusion. Form is a discrete structure determined by a frame's probability and its discrete extension, while diffusion measures its capacity to be absorbed and to recur within a network of polarized nodes. This network is understood as the reticularization of a neutral field of possibilities; local asymmetries arising from non-uniform polarizations are globally balanced, ensuring the network's total metric symmetry. We articulate a minimal formal structure (Ω, C, W) and distinguish two levels of probability: the relative probability of form, which compares the prevalence of sequences within a field of possibilities, and the maintenance probability, which governs the degradation of forms over extended successions. This framework provides a novel interpretation of quantum correlations without invoking non-locality, offers a natural explanation for the emergence of space-time from order and coherence relations, and suggests a unified language for addressing foundational issues in physics, epistemology, and the study of complex systems.