Genome mining guided discovery of new pentangular polyketides from the marine rare actinomycete Actinoalloteichus hymeniacidonis DSM 45092

Genome mining has become a powerful method for linking biosynthetic gene clusters to chemical structures of their encoded natural products, driven by advances in genomic sequencing and the accumulated knowledge of natural product biosynthesis. Guided by this strategy, Actinoalloteichus hymeniacidonis DSM 45092 was identified as a potential producer of pentangular polyketides. Subsequently, five pentangular polyphenols were isolated from this strain, including two new compounds 19-hydroxy-KS-619-1 (1) and 19,20-dehydro-KS-619-1 (2), and three known analogues 3-5. Their structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism calculations, and all compounds were evaluated for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.